Hugenotit

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Tämä artikkeli kertoo ihmisryhmästä. Hugenotit on myös ooppera.
Pärttylinyönä eli pyhän Bartolomeuksen päivänä 24. elokuuta 1572 tapahtunut hugenottien Pariisin joukkomurha, jossa kuoli yli kolmetuhatta protestanttia.

Hugenotit olivat Ranskan protestantteja. Hugenotit-nimitystä käytettiin Ranskassa 1500- ja 1600-luvulla protestanttiseen kalvinistiseen kirkkoon kuuluvista henkilöistä.[1] Sanan alkuperä on epävarma, mutta se on mahdollisesti johdettu Besançon Huguesin nimestä tai sveitsiläistä tarkoittavan saksalaisen sanan Eidgenosse ranskalaisesta muodosta.

Hugenotit joutuivat uskonnollisen sorron kohteeksi, ja Ranskassa käytiin useita sisällissotia hugenottien ja katolisten välillä vuosina 1562–1598. Hugenotit olivat kuninkaanvallan kannalta vaarallisia, koska heidän uudet oppinsa eivät olleet valtionuskonnon aseman saaneen katolilaisuuden mukaisia. Sen vuoksi hugenotteja vainottiin syytettyinä kerettiläisyydestä.[2] Ranskan kuninkaan Henrik IV:n Nantesin edikti antoi hugenoteille uskonnonvapauden vuonna 1598. Aurinkokuningas Ludvig XIV kuitenkin kumosi sen vuonna 1685. Seurauksena oli noin 250 000 hugenotin maastapako. Pakolaiset siirtyivät muun muassa Brandenburgiin, Englantiin ja Alankomaihin. Hugenottien vaino päättyi lopullisesti vasta vuonna 1764, ja Ranskan suuren vallankumouksen aikaan vuonna 1787 he saivat täydet kansalaisoikeudet ja vuonna 1789 täyden uskonnonvapauden.[1]

Kuuluisia hugenottitaustaisia

[muokkaa | muokkaa wikitekstiä]
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